How long does it take for mycelium to colonize substrate

Stuff They Don't Want You To Know talks to HowStuffWorks founder Marshall Brain about moving to Mars in this episode of the podcast. Advertisement In science fiction, it's a given:...

appear. Wet spots are considered normal, but when mycelium reaches these spots it takes much longer for it to colonize the area. If your spawn bag does not show any signs of white mycelium in 10-14 days its possible the spores did not successfully germinate. This can occasionally happen when working with whole grains. Some strains are known for their fast colonization times, such as oyster mushrooms, while others take longer. Once you've inoculated your substrate with spores or spawn, it can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks for the mycelium to appear. Mycelium plays a vital role in the life cycle of fungi. Bulk Substrate - Typically any fibrous material with supplemented nutrients that mycelium will colonize and fruit. Casing Layer - Typically a non-nutritious fibrous material placed on the top of mushroom mycelium in order to prevent evaporation or drying of the mycelium. I.E a “case” or top layer.How long do monotubs typically take to colonize? ... It's not showing any signs of mycelium growth, I could include a picture but it would literally just look like a tub of dirt. ... 30 days to colonize the jars yes but once you mix with substrate in the tub it should only take a week and a half to colonize the substrate. Reply reply More ...You should shake the jar at least once during colonization. I like to do this when the jar is about 25% colonized. Shaking the jars at this time will evenly spread out the grain, which allows for faster overall colonization. Depending on the species of mushrooms, it can take about 1-3 weeks before the jar is fully colonized.The mycelium will change formation and grow noticeably white and opaque where it makes most contact with fresh air. Often this results in a layer of primordia across the top of the block. Lion’s mane will require 10 – 16 days to fully colonise a supplemented hardwood substrate.How long does it take for mycelium to start growing? Mycelium growth commences after you inoculate your substrate with spores and place them under ideal conditions. The incubation period for mycelium to start growing, especially if the conditions are right, can vary depending on the species but generally takes 2 to 4 weeks.

Aug 9, 2021 ... ... do every time to grow mushrooms. https ... Substrate 5:24 Setting up a Monotub For the ... long-132-x-135-x-112-mm/?gclid=Cj0KCQiA ...How long does it take to fully colonize the substrate? From 2 to 3 weeks after inoculation mycelium completely covers the entire substrate in the jars (if all necessary conditions are met). ... 🔴 Slime on the mycelium or substrate is a common sign of bacterial contamination. Yellow-gray-brown mucous rings are often formed in the areas where ...Depending on the species, the mycelium could colonize the substrate in as little as 1–2 weeks. Once you see that the substrate has become white and fluffy, you’re ready to initiate fruiting. 11. Initiate fruiting conditions ... How Long Does It Take to Grow Mushrooms? As you can see, the process of growing mushrooms from scratch is quite …Jun 4, 2023 · A mycelium grow bag typically consists of three main components: the bag itself, the growth medium, and the filter patch. The bag, usually made of plastic, contains the growth medium. This medium varies depending on the target fungal species but often consists of grains, straw, or a combination thereof. The filter patch serves to enable gas ... Full colonization of 1 pint jars takes between 3 and 5 weeks (but remember to wait at least 7-10 days after full colonization). Furthermore, how do I know when mycelium has been completely colonized? There’s no one-size-fits-all way to know, but it’s a good rule of thumb. If you remove it from the jar before the inside has been fully ...For example, Oyster mushrooms may colonize in as little as 7-14 days, while Lion’s mane could take 21-30 days to fully colonize. Optimal conditions for colonization include a temperature range of 65-75°F (18-24°C) and humidity levels of 85-95% .May 12, 2023 · Colonization of Spawn Bags Take 30 - 45 Days. Spawn bags take between 30-45 days to become fully colonized. Factors such as the strain of mushrooms used, the quality of the spawn bag, and the temperature of the growing environment play a major role in how long this process takes. Some bags become fully colonized within two weeks, such as with ... For example, you could have a bag that’s 10% mushroom spawn and 90% substrate. If you increase your spawn rate to 20% spawn and 80% substrate, your bags will colonize more quickly. Substrate or Growing Medium. Some substrates are more nutritious or easier for mycelium to digest. Generally growing mushrooms on logs will take the longest.

If you do the Capri Sun method for injecting, make sure to cut a vent or use a hole punch to add a GE vent. Keep inoculated bags somewhere decently stable and warm, away from bathrooms or kitchen sinks. Using a heater to maintain temperatures can increase colonization speed. Once bags are 20-30% colonized, break up the mycelium and shake ...Here's a guide on the next steps to take: 1. Cooling the Substrate: After heat pasteurization, it's important to allow the substrate to cool down to room temperature before inoculating it with mushroom spawn. Introducing spawn to a substrate that's too hot can kill the mycelium, setting back your cultivation efforts. 2.Written By Mitchell Yu. Colonization of Mushroom Substrate. Progression of Grain Colonization. The picture on the right highlights the colonization stage of mycelium, …It may take a while for the spores to germinate, but in the right temperature / moisture conditions once the mycelium starts growing then things should speed up. 5. Reply. [deleted] • 10 yr. ago. I have seen spores germ in 2-3 days, I have also seen them take 7-10 days. Remember is is multi spore grow and there are a lot of genetics at play.

Hwy 77 charlotte nc.

Im dealing with GT right now and I ran into the same problem it seemed to me they do take long to colonize. you could have contams? Is what I did was make a Tub in tub using a fish heater after 2 days the mycelium took off. I do think GT do have a slower colonizing rate but im not so sure. -----Psilocybe Cubensis mushrooms flourish under specific temperature and humidity parameters. The optimal temperature range for mushroom fruiting lies between 75-81°F (24-27°C). However, during the earlier colonization stages, a slightly higher temperature range of 77-83°F (25-28°C) can encourage faster mycelial growth.It may take a while for the spores to germinate, but in the right temperature / moisture conditions once the mycelium starts growing then things should speed up. 5. Reply. [deleted] • 10 yr. ago. I have seen spores germ in 2-3 days, I have also seen them take 7-10 days. Remember is is multi spore grow and there are a lot of genetics at play.After inoculation, bulk substrates are incubated to allow time for the mycelium to colonize the entire bag. ... Here are some of the things you need to do if you proceed to fruit your substrate in the bag: Open the bag once a day to allow fresh air exchange and to remove the CO2 buildup.The time it takes to colonize bulk substrate can vary depending on factors such as the type of substrate used, the specific species of fungi involved, and environmental conditions. In general, it can take anywhere from 1 to 4 weeks for the bulk substrate to become fully colonized by mycelium.1. What are magic mushrooms and how long do they take to grow? Magic mushrooms, also known as psilocybe mushrooms, can take between several weeks to a few months to grow, depending on the growing method and conditions. 2. Can I use wood pellets or sawdust to grow magic mushrooms?

Once the grain is fully colonized (meaning the mycelium ... At this time you can either add it to a bulk substrate or do a grain to grain transfer to make even ...Nov 16, 2012 · If you colonize in a spawn bag, break up the substrate at 50% to 70%. Allow the mycelium to well recolonize the bag. If you colonize in a spawn bag, do not open it to lay the trays the day it appears fully colonized. Give it between two and four more days. Wait. Let the bag (s) colonize somewhere out of the way and about room-temperature (colonization will be slower than for jars incubated in warmer conditions, but incubating on the cool side helps fight contamination). When colonization is about 30% complete, shake each bag to break up chunks. If necessary, massage the bag as well. Monitor for white mycelium growth, which indicates healthy colonization. Fruiting Process: Once the mycelium has fully colonized the substrate, small white enoki mushrooms will start to form. Harvest the mushrooms when they reach an appropriate size and appearance. Harvesting: Carefully cut or pull mushrooms from the substrate base. Rinse, dry ... And how long it takes to transfer to substrate. Last time I used a B+ multispore syringe and inoculated brown rice jars (broke boi tek) it took 21 days to fully colonize the grain ready to mix to bulk substrate. After that I waited another 14 days to move my tubs to fruiting conditions. I see a lot of people on Reddit seem to manage this much ...Place mushroom grow bag in a warm, dark place to allow the mycelium to colonize the new substrate completely. (See ‘Where to keep to keep your mushroom bag’ for details.) ... How long does it take before mushrooms grow? Growing mushrooms in a bag does require a little patience. If you are developing your own mushroom spawn inside a …Jul 9, 2010 · My tubs at a ratio of 1:3 colonize in 7-8 days. I use coir/verm/gypsum. It is light and fluffy and colonizes faster than my horse manure/verm/gypsum tubs which take 8-11 days (also 1:3 spawn ratio). It really depends on what you use. I've never used cow manure/straw/verm so I couldn't say for sure. It starts with grains or another chosen substrate that has been sterilized to eliminate any competing organisms. This sterile substrate is then inoculated with mycelium, either sourced from an agar plate or a liquid culture. As days pass, the mycelium colonizes the substrate, transforming it into a thriving spawn.Diverticula can also bleed and cause significant blood loss from the gastrointestinal tract. Vessels overlying a diverticula are stretched until they break, causing bleeding into t...This is the final incubation stage and should be much faster than the previous ones. Depending on the species, the mycelium could colonize the substrate in as little as 1–2 weeks. Once you see that the substrate has become white and fluffy, you’re ready to initiate fruiting. 11. Initiate fruiting conditionsThis is the final incubation stage and should be much faster than the previous ones. Depending on the species, the mycelium could colonize the substrate in as little as 1–2 weeks. Once you see that the substrate has become white and fluffy, you’re ready to initiate fruiting. 11. Initiate fruiting conditions

It is the best long term culture storage method because mycelial growth is completely suspended at -196C. This method maintains a very stable mother culture for many years. ... Because the mycelium does not have to grow far to colonize substrate, it reduces spawn-growing time, which is important because spawned substrate is …

Patience and observation: Growing chicken of the woods mushrooms indoors requires patience, as it can take several weeks or even months for the mycelium to colonize the substrate fully. During this time, it is important to regularly check for any signs of contamination or unwanted growth.Mar 12, 2022 ... However, drying cannot stop mycelium growth permanently. It makes the strain preserve the fungi in a “hibernated” state. In the latter case, ...It takes about two weeks for a grain jar to be ready to inoculate. The process can be started as soon as the grain is hydrated and the initial colonization has taken hold. The first signs of visible growth are usually mycelium appear within 4-5 days. At this stage, the grain should be fully colonized within 10-12 days.From there, let it re-colonize for about 1-2 weeks. Fruiting happens after your all-in-one bags are fully colonized or when your grain mix with fruiting substrate has been …The Benefits of Cold Shock Treatment. Cold shocking your newly colonized mushrooms is a great way to stimulate growth and improve yields. What this process involves is submerging your sealed container in a cool water bath of approximately 10-14°C (50-57°F) for 24 hours.Open the bag once a day or every other day to give the substrate fresh air. The three factors that will take the substrate from a vegetative stage to a fruiting stage are temperature, oxygen level and humidity. Controlling all of these at the right time will cause the substrate to fruit. it usually takes about 2 weeks (10-16 days).Open the bag once a day or every other day to give the substrate fresh air. The three factors that will take the substrate from a vegetative stage to a fruiting stage are temperature, oxygen level, and humidity. Controlling all of these at the right time will cause the substrate to fruit. it usually takes about 2 weeks (10-16 days).Grain spawn, also known as mushroom spawn, is an essential ingredient utilized in mushroom cultivation. It is a substrate composed of sterilized grains, such as rye or wheat, that have been inoculated with mushroom mycelium. This mycelium forms a network of fungal cells that completely colonizes the grains, resulting in a highly concentrated ...Full colonization of 1 pint jars takes between 3 and 5 weeks (but remember to wait at least 7-10 days after full colonization). Furthermore, how do I know when mycelium has been completely colonized? There’s no one-size-fits-all way to know, but it’s a good rule of thumb. If you remove it from the jar before the inside has been fully ...Jun 19, 2023 · Wood-based substrates, though not as nutrient-rich as grain substrates, are still an excellent medium for mycelium growth. These can take upwards of 3-5 weeks to fully colonize due to the denser, more complex structure of the substrate. Growth Rate on Manure-based Substrate

Chase aba number florida.

Craigslist glen mills.

Depends do you mean cColonization if so your joy should be completely white give it three days four days after that to make sure that it’s fully colonized know if you’re talking about flush like after the flash you’ll notice no mushrooms coming in or very little after you’ve harvested A loud of shrooms I am personally will pluck my as ...When a rice cup is fully colonized, between a couple of weeks and a couple of months, you can move on to making a substrate, or growing medium, and birthing mushrooms. Make your substrate 8-24 ...Apr 2, 2002 · I usually see mycellium growth in 2 to 3 days. <br>Don't get worried if you don't see some for a week though. <br>After a week start getting worried. <br>Optimum temp is 82 to 84 degrees for colonization. low temps and higher temps will cause the mycellium to have slow growth or even stall the colonization. You also want to make sure that the pellets don’t contain a lot of glues, paints or other additives. If you are growing mushrooms using sawdust pellets, the following substrate recipe works well for many types of gourmet mushrooms: For every 5 lb fruiting block: 5 cups of hardwood pellets. 1.4 liters water.Feb 7, 2023 · This is the final incubation stage and should be much faster than the previous ones. Depending on the species, the mycelium could colonize the substrate in as little as 1–2 weeks. Once you see that the substrate has become white and fluffy, you’re ready to initiate fruiting. 11. Initiate fruiting conditions It may take a while for the spores to germinate, but in the right temperature / moisture conditions once the mycelium starts growing then things should speed up. 5. Reply. [deleted] • 10 yr. ago. I have seen spores germ in 2-3 days, I have also seen them take 7-10 days. Remember is is multi spore grow and there are a lot of genetics at play.Mycelium ( pl.: mycelia) [a] is a root-like structure of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. [1] Its normal form is that of branched, slender, entangled, anastomosing, hyaline threads. [2] Fungal colonies composed of mycelium are found in and on soil and many other substrates.After inoculation, bulk substrates are incubated to allow time for the mycelium to colonize the entire bag. ... Here are some of the things you need to do if you proceed to fruit your substrate in the bag: Open the bag once a day to allow fresh air exchange and to remove the CO2 buildup.Some strains are known for their fast colonization times, such as oyster mushrooms, while others take longer. Once you've inoculated your substrate with spores or spawn, it can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks for the mycelium to appear. Mycelium plays a vital role in the life cycle of fungi.Stage #1 (Inoculation and Colonization): After inoculating the substrate with Lion's mane spawn or spores, the mycelium takes about 2 to 4 weeks to colonize the substrate fully. Stage #2 (Fruiting): Once the substrate is fully colonized, it's time to initiate fruiting by adjusting the environmental conditions, such as humidity and fresh air ... ….

How long does mushroom substrate last? Store your 50/50 substrate in a cool and dry location. 50/50 substrate can keep for up to 4 months in these conditions. There will be no need to rehydrated or sterilize the products a second time.If you do the Capri Sun method for injecting, make sure to cut a vent or use a hole punch to add a GE vent. Keep inoculated bags somewhere decently stable and warm, away from bathrooms or kitchen sinks. Using a heater to maintain temperatures can increase colonization speed. Once bags are 20-30% colonized, break up the mycelium and shake ...Otherwise, the mycelium could easily grow though the parafilm, inviting contamination. Most cultures can be stored long term in the refrigerator. The culture will stop growing, but will remain viable for a long time, up to a few years or more. That being said, you are better off to check viability and grow the culture out every couple months.About 30 days to colonize the jars yes but once you mix with substrate in the tub it should only take a week and a half to colonize the substrate. Reply reply More replies More replies More posts you may likeSep 19, 2022 · Substrate: 4" high 2/3 manure compost (Black Cow); 1/3 vermiculite; 1/2 lb. gypsum. Substrate was mixed with distilled water until tight squeeze dripped just a little (tested after pasteurization). Substrate was pasteurized in oven @ 170° F for 2.25 hours (timed from after substrate reached 160° F). Tub was filled in bathroom tub after ... Feb 1, 2022 ... Colonization or Incubation: During this critical phase, store the substrate in a dark space (bright and UV light can inhibit or kill mycelium) ...1. What are magic mushrooms and how long do they take to grow? Magic mushrooms, also known as psilocybe mushrooms, can take between several weeks to a few months to grow, depending on the growing method and conditions. 2. Can I use wood pellets or sawdust to grow magic mushrooms?If we only top spawn, then the mycelium has to grow through 22cm of the substrate (30cm x 3/4). At a growth rate of 6 to 7 mm/day, it will take roughly 31-37 days to colonize the bag entirely. If you mix the time to full colonization is faster. How fast depends on how thoroughly you mix your bags.When a rice cup is fully colonized, between a couple of weeks and a couple of months, you can move on to making a substrate, or growing medium, and birthing mushrooms. Make your substrate 8-24 ...If we only top spawn, then the mycelium has to grow through 22cm of the substrate (30cm x 3/4). At a growth rate of 6 to 7 mm/day, it will take roughly 31-37 days to colonize the … How long does it take for mycelium to colonize substrate, The success of mushroom cultivation largely depends on how effectively mycelium can colonize a substrate— a process affected by several factors. Cultivators worldwide have sought methods to speed up this process, thereby reducing the time between cultivation and harvest. , It will take approximately 5-10 days for the substrate to completely colonize with mycelium (you will be able to tell if it has completed colonization when the substrate has turned completely white). The bag should look like the picture above., Colonization of Spawn Bags Take 30 - 45 Days. Spawn bags take between 30-45 days to become fully colonized. Factors such as the strain of mushrooms used, the quality of the spawn bag, and the temperature of the growing environment play a major role in how long this process takes. Some bags become fully colonized within two weeks, …, Do this only if necessary though, as mycelium prefer not to be broken up and banged around. The jars are considered “fully colonized” once all the grain is covered in mycelium throughout the jar. The jars pictured to the right are about 6 days into incubation at 26°C or 79°F., Depending on the size of your mushroom patch and the specific substrate materials you used, you could begin to see mushrooms in just a couple of months. But there are many other variables at work. Some of these include the amounts of sunlight and moisture received, ambient temperature, and the depth of organic matter the mycelium must …, And although younger mushrooms may colonize faster, try to select a relatively large fruiting body. ... How Long Does a Clone Take to Grow on Agar? Within 2 to 3 days, you should see mycelium starting to grow outwards from the tissue. ... The best stem butt to use is a fresh one with some substrate and mycelium still attached., How long does it take for mycelium to colonize a substrate? The time it takes for mycelium to colonize a substrate depends on the type of mushroom being grown and the growing conditions, but it typically takes between 1-4 weeks., How long do monotubs typically take to colonize? ... It's not showing any signs of mycelium growth, I could include a picture but it would literally just look like a tub of dirt. ... 30 days to colonize the jars yes but once you mix with substrate in the tub it should only take a week and a half to colonize the substrate. Reply reply More ..., As for how long for mycelium to colonize substrate, when the entire substrate block is covered in mycelium, usually occurs within 4-5 weeks, although it can sometimes take longer. If you’re finding it’s taking 8 weeks or more, take a look at our blog post about troubleshooting slowing mycelium., From there, let it re-colonize for about 1-2 weeks. Fruiting happens after your all-in-one bags are fully colonized or when your grain mix with fruiting substrate has been …, It takes about two weeks for a grain jar to be ready to inoculate. The process can be started as soon as the grain is hydrated and the initial colonization has taken hold. The first signs of visible growth are usually mycelium appear within 4-5 days. At this stage, the grain should be fully colonized within 10-12 days., So about a month ago I innoculated these bags, shooting the spores straight into the center of the bag. After three weeks a small amount (%10) of the bag was colonized but is was spreading very slowly. After some reading I decided to shake them up, It seemed like the right thing to do since the mycelium quickly began colonizing the entire bag., This involves inoculating your substrate with mycelium, incubating it until the mycelium has colonized the substrate, and then inducing fruiting by adjusting the growing conditions. Mushroom pinning is the process of small mushrooms starting to form, and it’s a sign that your mushrooms are growing., Some strains are known for their fast colonization times, such as oyster mushrooms, while others take longer. Once you've inoculated your substrate with spores or spawn, it can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks for the mycelium to appear. Mycelium plays a vital role in the life cycle of fungi. , To satisfy this curiosity, it’s critical to note that mycelium growth typically begins slowly, often taking about 7 to 8 days to show noticeable progress. The complete colonization of the substrate usually takes approximately 16 to 19 days under optimal conditions. However, these time frames can vary significantly based on the specific ..., Some strains are known for their fast colonization times, such as oyster mushrooms, while others take longer. Once you've inoculated your substrate with spores or spawn, it can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks for the mycelium to appear. Mycelium plays a vital role in the life cycle of fungi., Do this only if necessary though, as mycelium prefer not to be broken up and banged around. The jars are considered “fully colonized” once all the grain is covered in mycelium throughout the jar. The jars pictured to the right are about 6 days into incubation at 26°C or 79°F. , Im dealing with GT right now and I ran into the same problem it seemed to me they do take long to colonize. you could have contams? Is what I did was make a Tub in tub using a fish heater after 2 days the mycelium took off. I do think GT do have a slower colonizing rate but im not so sure. -----, *If your sterilizer does not have the capacity to pressurize to 15PSI, add 1 hour to the cook time* Also be cognizant of how much grain you put in the jar/bag, keeping in mind that putting more medium will take longer for the container to colonize. We recommend filling a spawn jar ¾ full, and filling a type 3T bag about ½ full of hydrated grain., Monitor for white mycelium growth, which indicates healthy colonization. Fruiting Process: Once the mycelium has fully colonized the substrate, small white enoki mushrooms will start to form. Harvest the mushrooms when they reach an appropriate size and appearance. Harvesting: Carefully cut or pull mushrooms from the substrate base. Rinse, dry ..., If you do the Capri Sun method for injecting, make sure to cut a vent or use a hole punch to add a GE vent. Keep inoculated bags somewhere decently stable and warm, away from bathrooms or kitchen sinks. Using a heater to maintain temperatures can increase colonization speed. Once bags are 20-30% colonized, break up the mycelium and shake ..., This is necessary for the mycelium to colonize well. Your substrate needs a moisture content of 50-70%. . Finally, your substrate needs to have an absence of competing organisms. This provides a blank canvas for your mushroom mycelium to thrive. ... Ideal logs for growing mushrooms are three to four feet long and four to six inches in diameter., Happy growing! How Long Does The PF Tek Take? ... After incorporating water into your substrate, take ... Patience is now key as you wait for the mycelium to ..., Once the grain is fully colonized (meaning the mycelium ... At this time you can either add it to a bulk substrate or do a grain to grain transfer to make even ..., A mycelium grow bag typically consists of three main components: the bag itself, the growth medium, and the filter patch. The bag, usually made of plastic, contains the growth medium. This medium varies depending on the target fungal species but often consists of grains, straw, or a combination thereof. The filter patch serves to enable gas ..., Once you have inoculated the substrate you need to incubate it until it is fully colonized. This can take between 1-3 weeks, and even sometimes longer depending on the species of mushroom growing and the environment conditions., But if you plan to transfer the contents of the bag into a fruiting chamber or a growing bag, you must observe if it starts to colonize 20–30% of the substrate and do the following: When the mycelium has colonized 20–30% of the spawn bag, break the mycelium clump completely and thoroughly. You can do this by massaging the bag from the outside. , How long does it take for bulk substrate to colonize? This will depend on a few different things like the age of your spawn, how you are storing it, what substrate you are using and the conditions you are growing in., It may take a while for the spores to germinate, but in the right temperature / moisture conditions once the mycelium starts growing then things should speed up. 5. Reply. [deleted] • 10 yr. ago. I have seen spores germ in 2-3 days, I have also seen them take 7-10 days. Remember is is multi spore grow and there are a lot of genetics at play., Sterilization creates the ideal environment for mycelium to colonize the substrate readily. ... How Long Do You Sterilize Substrate In A Pressure Cooker? It depends on the type of substrate being sterilized; on average, 90 minutes is sufficient for most substrates. However, certain substrates may require up to 120 minutes of sterilization., But if you plan to transfer the contents of the bag into a fruiting chamber or a growing bag, you must observe if it starts to colonize 20–30% of the substrate and do the following: When the mycelium has colonized 20–30% of the spawn bag, break the mycelium clump completely and thoroughly. You can do this by massaging the bag from the outside., HowStuffWorks looks at Elon Musk's plan for humans heading to Mars sooner rather than later. Advertisement Elon Musk, the founder and CEO of SpaceX, has written his own version of ..., Common Transfer Methods. There are several common methods of mycelium transfer. Grain-to-grain (G2G) transfer entails transferring colonized grain spawn to uncolonized grains. Agar-to-grain is the technique of transferring mycelium grown on an agar medium to a grain substrate. Lastly, liquid culture to grain is when mycelium grown in a liquid ...