Va secondary conditions to hip pain

Hip Pain. Hip pain is a common symptom that can be caused by anything from sports injuries to arthritis. You can usually treat hip pain at home by taking a break from physical activities and taking over-the-counter pain relievers. But if the pain persists or gets worse, other treatments may be necessary.

Va secondary conditions to hip pain. A September 2011 opinion from another private physician states that the Veteran's current bilateral hip and pelvic condition is a secondary condition to his previous thoracic and lumbar condition. She noted that the osteoarthritic changes have changed his overall gait and posture enough to produce his present hip and pelvic condition.

Jun 21, 2020 · Radiculopathy is a medical condition in which the nerves are compressed or irritated in the lower back [1]. This results in pressure on the nerve roots themselves. Radiculopathy is classified as a pain syndrome and can be caused by several lower back conditions such as lumbar disc herniation, degenerative disc disease, and spinal stenosis ...

Top 5 VA Nexus Letter Tips. Tip #1: Use the doctor's letterhead. Tip #2: Keep your nexus letter short and sweet. Tip #3: Have the doctor review your medical records (and explain it in the nexus letter) Tip #4: Cite relevant medical research and case law to support the conclusion. Tip #5: The best medical nexus opinions include the words ... If a veteran’s hip pain is so severe that it requires hip replacement surgery, they will be rated according to Diagnostic Code 5054. A rating of 100% is assigned for one year following implantation of the prosthesis and then reassessed based on residual weakness, pain, or limitation of motion. Ratings range from 90%, 70%, 50%, to 30%. WHAT DO I DO IF I DISAGREE WITH MY RATING? Speak to your VSO first. They will have the most information to determine if a rating may be incorrect. You have a limited amount of time to appeal your decision and preserve the effective date of your claim. FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES AND DOES NOT REPLACE 38 CFR SCHEDULE OF RATINGS. https://www ...Plantar Fasciitis VA Rating. VA rates plantar fasciitis under 38 CFR § 4.71a, diagnostic code 5269 . Ratings range from 10 to 30 percent - if the plantar fasciitis is affecting both feet and not responding to treatment, veterans will generally receive a higher rating. The specific criteria for each VA rating are:The Veteran claims entitlement to service connection for bilateral hip conditions as secondary to her service-connected plantar fasciitis disability. The Veteran was granted service connection for a bilateral plantar fasciitis disability in a November 2011 RO decision, effective March 22, 2010.MSK conditions may be caused by an accident (trauma), overuse (wear and tear), repetitive motions, strenuous physical training, and carrying heavy gear. Hip, knee, and ankle overuse injuries are especially common for women Veterans. It is important to get help because MSK injuries may cause long-term impacts like chronic pain if you do not seek ...Managing Low Back Pain If you have low back pain, you are not alone. Up to 84 percent of people will experience back . pain at some point in their lives. It can interfere with work, daily activities, or simply enjoying life. Fortunately, most low back pain goes away within a few days and can be managed at home with self-treatment.Aug 22, 2023 · Combined Impact: In some cases, individuals may experience a combination of these factors, such as sinusitis, rhinitis, and asthma. The combined impact of multiple obstructive factors can significantly increase the likelihood of sleep apnea. #10. Vertigo Secondary to Mental Health Conditions and Tinnitus.

The VA rates physical and mental disorders by increments of 10 on a scale of 0 percent to 100 percent. VA disability ratings depend on how much a specific disability, including its symptoms and necessary treatments, interferes with a veteran's ability to participate in daily life. Anxiety disorders are rated under the schedule of ratings for mental disorders.This is called secondary service connection. Secondary service-connected claims and requests for increase in rating are the most prevalent types of claims VA receives for compensation. In 2019, the department anticipates that 74% of all applications will come from veterans who are already receiving benefits.va form jan 2011 . 21-0960m-8. page 1 name of patient/veteran. patient/veteran's social security number 1b. provide only diagnoses that pertain to hip/thigh conditions: 1c. if there are additional diagnoses pertaining to hip/thigh conditions, list using above format: 1a. does the veteran now have or has he/she ever had a hip and/or thigh ...The chronic pain syndrome VA rating is evaluated based on 38 CFR § 4.130, which sets forth the General Rating Formula for Mental Disorders. The rating that you are assigned for your condition will depend on the severity of your symptoms and how much your somatic symptom disorder impacts your daily life. Veterans who experience mild symptoms ...A bilateral hip condition can rate up to 100%—depending on the condition. You may qualify for a VA rating for a bilateral hip condition if you have service-connected conditions in both hips. Examples of hip conditions can include ankylosis ( DC 5250 ), arthritis, hip replacement, or strain.

Torn or stretched tendons. Inflammation or damage to the posterior tibial tendon, which runs from the lower leg, down to the ankle, and to the middle of the arch of the foot. Dislocated or broken bones in the legs or feet. Health conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) Nerve damage, such as from peripheral neuropathy. Obesity.Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare disorder of the sympathetic nervous system. It used to be called reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). It causes chronic severe burning pain in the arms, fingers, palm of hand, shoulder, or legs. If not treated, the pain and weakness may lead to limited use of that body part.The VA may recognize side effects from psychiatric medications as a secondary condition that can qualify a veteran for a higher disability rating. Physical Problems. Headaches: Severe headaches, even migraines, can be a common side effect of many physical and psychological disabilities for veterans. A veteran’s military service …Secondary Conditions Caused by Plantar Fasciitis. We consider in more detail some of the secondary conditions that can result from plantar fasciitis: Back pain The back, hip, knee, and ankle form a kinematic chain through which weight is transferred during movement. Pain in the heel will alter body mechanics as you subconsciously …

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This document amends the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Schedule for Rating Disabilities ("VASRD" or "rating schedule") by revising the portion of the rating schedule that addresses the musculoskeletal system. The purpose of this revision is to ensure that this portion of the rating schedule uses current medical terminology and ...Hip and Thigh Overview. The VA awards disability compensation for each Hip and Thigh condition that is service-connected. The DoD will also rate service-connected conditions as long as they also make the service member Unfit for Duty. For Reservists, the condition must have occurred in or resulted from an injury in the Line of Duty to qualify.For instance, a veteran might be service connected for Neck Pain Secondary to Back Pain. #3: Neck Pain as a Symptom of another ratable condition such as Back Pain or Radiculopathy with a rating of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or 100%. For example, a veteran could be service connected for Radiculopathy at 20 percent for the right lower extremity and ...Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common diseases affecting the general population and is characterized by progressive, noninflammatory degenerative changes primarily involving the hips, knees, spine, hands, and feet. Among veterans the incidence and prevalence of OA is considerably higher than the incidence found in the general population ...A secondary condition, also known as a secondary disability, is a disability that is the result of another service-connected condition. In this scenario, A causes B. Then, B causes C, so C is service-connected. If you develop a medical condition because of a service-connected condition, then the medical condition that you develop is probably ...

About 98,000 veterans became service-connected for knee pain in 2020 alone. Many veterans experience secondary conditions related to their knee pain. Filing for secondary service connection for these conditions can qualify veterans for a higher VA rating and therefore more VA disability compensation.Secondary Conditions Caused by Plantar Fasciitis. We consider in more detail some of the secondary conditions that can result from plantar fasciitis: Back pain The back, hip, knee, and ankle form a kinematic chain through which weight is transferred during movement. Pain in the heel will alter body mechanics as you subconsciously adjust your ...Among the causes of hip pain during sleep are tronchanteric bursitis and pressure on the sciatic nerve, according to eMedicineHealth. Other causes include arthritis, bruising and s...This means an in-service event, injury, or disease related to your military service caused you to develop Knee Pain. #2: Secondary Service Connection for Knee Pain with a rating of 10%, 20%, or 30%. For example, a veteran can be rated for Knee Pain secondary to Hip Pain, among others. #3: Unfavorable Ankylosis of the Knee with a rating of 30% ...Although there is no list of secondary conditions, there are many examples. For instance, multiple conditions are commonly linked as secondary service connections to post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ), including: Sleep apnea and PTSD. Fibromyalgia and PTSD. Heart disease and PTSD. Stroke and PTSD. Diabetes and PTSD.A secondary condition, also known as a secondary disability, is a disability that is the result of another service-connected condition. In this scenario, A causes B. Then, B causes C, so C is service-connected. If you develop a medical condition because of a service-connected condition, then the medical condition that you develop is probably ...Veterans can also be rated for hip pain on a secondary basis. For example, a veteran may receive VA benefits for hip pain secondary to knee pain.5257 - VA disability rating for knee instability: Excessive side to side motion or frequent dislocation of the knee. Occurs when tendons and cartilage cannot properly support the knee joint. Based on the level of instability, VA will assign a rating between 0 and 30 percent for this condition.Range-of-motion testing revealed the Veteran had pain on movement when extending his thoracolumbar spine. The Veteran was diagnosed with degenerative arthritis of the lumbar spine. The examiner opined that "[i]t is equally likely (50%) that the veteran's low back condition is secondary to the service connected [right] knee condition."Learn about VA ratings for knee conditions and Pain during this edition of CCK LIVE. Learn the common knee conditions Veterans experience, how they're rated,...

You can submit your secondary VA claim using form Form 21-526EZ, but this must be done in conjunction with getting the proper medical and personal documentation to build your case. You can also file your claim online through your va.gov account. Through this, a 21-526EZ form will not be necessary. Get a diagnosis.

VA's breakdown of ratings is as follows: 0% - This rating is assigned to veterans who may have a cyst that does not require treatment. 10% - Veterans may receive a 10 percent rating if they required treatment for cysts at one time, but do not need continuous treatment. 30% - The 30 percent rating is assigned to veterans who have cysts ...Managing Low Back Pain If you have low back pain, you are not alone. Up to 84 percent of people will experience back . pain at some point in their lives. It can interfere with work, daily activities, or simply enjoying life. Fortunately, most low back pain goes away within a few days and can be managed at home with self-treatment.INTRODUCTION. Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most frequently experienced medical conditions in the general population, with up to 84% of adults in the United States (U.S.) experiencing LBP at some point in their lives. 1 In 2010, of all diseases and injuries contributing to disability-adjusted life years in the U.S., LBP was ranked third. 2 In 2012, approximately 27.5% of adults 18 years ...The VA defines chronic conditions as those lasting for at least six months. Additionally, your symptoms must be at least 10 percent disabling. ... secondary service connection. Many of the presumptive conditions for Gulf War Syndrome result in chronic pain or sleeplessness for veterans, which can cause or exacerbate depression. ...Torn or stretched tendons. Inflammation or damage to the posterior tibial tendon, which runs from the lower leg, down to the ankle, and to the middle of the arch of the foot. Dislocated or broken bones in the legs or feet. Health conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) Nerve damage, such as from peripheral neuropathy. Obesity.Service connection for hip pain can occur either on a primary or direct basis, where the injury to the hip happened on active duty or in the line of duty. On the other hand, veterans can also be service-connected on a secondary basis. This means that if another service-connected condition has caused or worsened the hip disability, it can be ...The treatment that is necessary for a medical condition can often cause another medical condition to develop. One example is pain medication which could cause ...West & Dunn Attorney, Shana Dunn, explains the recent changes in the rating criteria made by the VA regarding musculoskeletal disabilities. Effective February 7, 2021, the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has implemented major changes to the rating schedule for musculoskeletal disabilities. Diagnostic codes have been added, others have ...Filing a claim for secondary service connection involves the same process as filing any claim for service connection. Specifically, veterans will fill out and submit VA Form 21-526 – an original claim for service connection. Veterans may do so online, in person at their local Regional Office, or with help from a veterans advocate .

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These will be combined, not added, to determine the rating for arthritis. Degenerative arthritis will be rated at 10 or 20 percent based upon the number of joints/joint groups affected and the level of incapacitation. VA requires that limitation of motion be confirmed by observations such as swelling, muscle spasms, or evidence of painful ...Blog. VA Secondary Conditions to Knee Pain: Claims & Appeals. Posted by Berry Law on November 24, 2023 in Appeals. Knee pain is one of the most common …In 2014, the VA and DoD published a CPG for the Non-surgical Management of Hip & Knee Osteoarthritis (2014 VA/DoD OA CPG), which was based on evidence reviewed through December 2012. Since the release of that guideline, a growing body of research has expanded the general knowledge and understanding of OA.When a veteran files for disability compensation, there are several types of claims the veteran can file: direct service-connected. service-connection through aggravation. presumptive service-connection. secondary service-connection. service connection for injuries caused by the VA Health System. These different types of service connection are ...Despite evidence that knee pain and a history of knee injury are associated with a greater risk for knee injuries there are a few key limitations. Firstly, the current study could not identify the underlying cause of knee pain (e.g., referred hip pain, patellofemoral lesions, tendinopathy, pre-radiographic degenerative changes).Listed below are some of the most common VA disabilities conditions that go by other names. Adrenal cortical hypofunction is the same as Addison’s disease, code 7911. Aminoaciduria is a renal tubular disorder, code 7532. Anaphylaxis is the same as angioneurotic edema, code 7118.Aside from eating disorders, VA rates all eligible mental health conditions (including somatic symptom disorder) using the same diagnostic criteria. Mental health conditions are rated at percentages of 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, or 100 using VA's General Rating Formula for Mental Disorders. These ratings are based on the level of social and ...Effects from neuralgia are considered moderate at worst by VA standards. The condition uses these sciatica VA rating guidelines: 20%: Moderate symptoms. 10%: Mild symptoms. Diagnostic code 8520, or paralysis of the sciatic nerve, has more extensive rating rules, including: 80%: Complete paralysis as evidenced by the foot dangling and … ….

Upon VA examination in July 2003, the Veteran reported right hip pain three-to-four days a week, and indicated that the use of the cane for ambulation was primarily due to the hip pain. The VA examiner noted that it was unclear whether the reports of hip pain were radiating pain from the back or a separate condition.27 Nov 2023 ... ... va.gov/compensation/docs/Hip_and_Thigh ... VA Disability Ratings for Hip Pain and Hip Conditions ... VA Secondary Conditions to Knee Pain.Among the causes of hip pain during sleep are tronchanteric bursitis and pressure on the sciatic nerve, according to eMedicineHealth. Other causes include arthritis, bruising and s...Knee Conditions Recognized by VA. Knee pain is rated under different diagnostic criteria according to 38 CFR § 4.71a, Schedular Ratings, Musculoskeletal System. ... It's not uncommon for veterans to develop VA disability hip pain secondary to knee pain, because they must move or sit in uncomfortable ways to keep their knees from hurting.A bilateral hip condition can rate up to 100%—depending on the condition. You may qualify for a VA rating for a bilateral hip condition if you have service-connected conditions in both hips. Examples of hip conditions can include ankylosis ( DC 5250 ), arthritis, hip replacement, or strain.7 Feb 2023 ... Secondary VA claims are those filed for a secondary ... High Value Secondary VA Claims: VA Benefits for Secondary Conditions ... Arthritis Pain May ...The VA awards disability compensation for injuries to the buttock, hip, and thigh muscles that are service-connected.The DoD will also rate service-connected muscle injuries as long as they also make the service member Unfit for Duty.For Reservists, the injury must have occurred in the Line of Duty to qualify.. The buttock, hip, and thigh muscles are divided into six groups for rating purposes:Statement in Support of a Claim Sample: 4 Critical Sections Explained. The best VA Statements in Support of a Claim include the following 4 sections with specific examples tailored to you: #1. List the Name of the Disability You’re Claiming in the First Section of the VA Form 21-4138. #2.What is greater trochanteric pain syndrome? Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), also known as lateral hip pain or trochanteric bursitis, is a common and painful condition which affects the outer side of the hip and thigh. It occurs when the tissues which lie over the outside of the hip bone (greater trochanter) become irritated.A VA disability rating for Degenerative Disc Disease can be rated at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or 100%. Your final VA disability rating for Degenerative Disc Disease depends upon the frequency, severity, and duration of your symptoms, including Painful Motion, Limitation of Range of Motion (ROM), and Functional Loss or Impairment. Va secondary conditions to hip pain, VA Disability Ratings for Tinnitus. After service connection for tinnitus is established, VA will award a disability rating based on the severity of the condition. VA rates tinnitus under 38 CFR § 4.87, Schedule of Ratings – Ear, Diagnostic Code 6260. The condition of tinnitus almost always results in a 10 percent disability rating., The VA awards disability compensation for each Shoulder and Upper Arm condition that is service-connected.The DoD will also rate service-connected conditions as long as they also make the service member Unfit for Duty.For Reservists, the condition must have occurred in or resulted from an injury in the Line of Duty to qualify.. The Musculoskeletal System is vast and complex, consisting of ..., Veterans who can demonstrate a service-connected condition or a secondary condition that causes hip pain may file a claim for compensation with the VA. Once the VA receives your claim, they’ll likely schedule you for a Compensation and Pension exam (C&P)., To win an award of a disability benefit, you must meet 3 criteria: 1. 1. You have to show eligibility of your military service. 2. 2. You must have a current medical diagnosis of a condition or a disability. 3. 3. You must be able to provide evidence that the medical diagnosed condition had its origin during the time of your military service, or if the condition was preexisting, that it was ..., Entitlement to service connection for a joint disorder of the left hip, left knee, and left ankle. 2. Entitlement to service connection for sleep apnea, to include as secondary to ... Entitlement to an increased initial rating for status-post L3-L4 hemilaminectomy and microdiscectomy (claimed as back condition), rated as 20 percent disabling ..., DC 5257, Knee Pain: VA Rating: Recurrent subluxation or instability: Unrepaired or failed repair of complete ligament tear causing persistent instability, and a medical provider prescribes both an assistive device ... Top 5 VA Secondary Conditions to Knee Pain. November 22, 2021., In this video Leah discusses the connection between hip pain and knee injuries in the context of VA disability. She emphasizes that hip pain can be service-c..., Dec 29, 2021 · 100+ Most Common VA Disability List of Secondary Conditions. Anxiety secondary to Tinnitus. Asthma secondary to GERD (acid reflux or heartburn) Asthma secondary to Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Asthma secondary to Depression. Asthma secondary to Anxiety. Asthma secondary to Allergies. Asthma secondary to Nasal polyps. , The VA awards disability compensation for injuries to the buttock, hip, and thigh muscles that are service-connected.The DoD will also rate service-connected muscle injuries as long as they also make the service member Unfit for Duty.For Reservists, the injury must have occurred in the Line of Duty to qualify.. The buttock, hip, and thigh muscles are divided into six groups for rating purposes:, When a veteran files for disability compensation, there are several types of claims the veteran can file: direct service-connected. service-connection through aggravation. presumptive service-connection. secondary service-connection. service connection for injuries caused by the VA Health System. These different types of service connection are ..., INTRODUCTION. Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most frequently experienced medical conditions in the general population, with up to 84% of adults in the United States (U.S.) experiencing LBP at some point in their lives. 1 In 2010, of all diseases and injuries contributing to disability-adjusted life years in the U.S., LBP was ranked third. 2 In 2012, approximately 27.5% of adults 18 years ..., A Veteran has a service-connected knee injury that causes him to walk with a limp. He subsequently develops arthritis in his hip. Although the arthritic condition was not incurred during or aggravated by service, service-connection may still be established if the arthritis is a result of his knee condition. Example 2, This is called secondary service connection. Secondary service-connected claims and requests for increase in rating are the most prevalent types of claims VA receives for compensation. In 2019, the department anticipates that 74% of all applications will come from veterans who are already receiving benefits., To establish service connection for spondylosis, VA usually requires the veteran to submit three things: A diagnosis of spondylosis; An in-service event or stressor which caused or aggravated the spondylosis; A nexus, which links the veteran's spondylosis to their service. Veterans can submit a claim for service connection on VA From 21-526EZ ., Posted byBerry LawonJanuary 4, 2023inDisability RatingsFor many Veterans, knee injuries don't just cause discomfort around the knee joints or legs. Knee injuries or chronic conditions can also lead to hip pain or limited mobility, especially if the knee injuries persist for months or years.Under suc..., 943. Sep 08, 2012 #3. I was also granted secondary connection for both hips and low back due to a service connected left knee injury. I didn't have a nexus letter but my VA medical records had several different doctors firm opinions that my antalgic or abnormal gait caused the osteoarthritis in my hips and low back., Veterans can also be service connected for back conditions that are not directly related to service. A secondary service-connected disability is a disability that resulted from a condition that is already service-connected. Here, veterans must provide medical evidence linking their back pain to their already service-connected condition., One of the requirements when filing a secondary claim is that the secondary conditions must have a diagnosis. A Veteran cannot submit symptoms alone. In the previous example, the Veteran cannot simply say their knee hurts. The doctor can potentially tie a knee problem to a service-connected hip condition only if the knee …, 12:40 Myelopathy Secondary to Back Conditions. 14:00 Urinary Frequency and Incontinence Secondary to Back Conditions. 15:01 Depression, Anxiety, Mental Health Conditions Secondary to Back Pain. 17:11 Insomnia, Other Sleep Disorders Secondary to Back Pain. 18:58 Effects of Medications, Substance Abuse: Secondary Service Connection., VA rates rheumatoid arthritis in the ankle under 38 CFR § 4.71 (a), Diagnostic Code 5002. To be rated under this code, there are three specifications: (1) the arthritis must be active; (2) it must be affecting at least two joints; and. (3) the veteran must submit a definitive diagnosis., How the VA Rates Knee Replacements. The VA rates knee replacements at 30%, 60%, and 100% under 38 C.F.R. § 4.71a Code 5055. Eligible veterans will receive a temporary 100% VA disability for knee replacement for the first four months post-surgery and then will be re-evaluated., Knee pain can also cause hip pain, or other hip conditions. If your military service caused you to experience knee pain, and eventually hip pain, you may be …, An August 2013 VA examiner opined that Mr. Alexander's bilateral knee condition was less likely than not proximately due to or the result of a service-connected condition because review of orthopedic literature revealed that it was more likely than not due to chronic degenerative, Also purchased orthotics from a chiro for foot aches/pain. Since it was recurring & the chiropractic care didn't help much, I went to an Orthopedic DR & was officially diagnosed with Femoroacetabular Hip Impingement 2 years ago. I have been prescribed and taking Meloxicam (NSAID) daily for 2 years for the pain & inflammation., Fracture of shaft or neck (anatomical), with nonunion with loose motion (spiral or oblique fracture) Fracture of shaft or neck (anatomical), resulting in nonunion without loose motion; weight-bearing preserved with aid of brace. Fracture of surgical neck with false joint. Malunion of the femur. Flail hip joint., Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the leading cause of disability in the United States 1.Low back pain (LBP) is the most common cause of time lost from work among individuals under the age of 45 years and the third most common cause among individuals between 45 and 65 years of age. 2-3 The coexistence of LBP in individuals with knee pain may predispose to symptom severity well beyond the ..., Here’s a list of 10 easy secondary VA claims to get service connected: #1. Bruxism Secondary to Mental Health Conditions and Tinnitus. Bruxism, the habitual grinding or clenching of teeth, can often be linked to underlying mental health conditions and may even be associated with tinnitus.While bruxism itself can have physical causes …, What circumstances qualify for such claims? That will depend on the medical condition, but common examples include cases where a service member has a service-connected knee or elbow joint injury that develops arthritis later. That arthritis is a secondary condition that should be reviewed by the VA and compensated where appropriate., In this video Leah explains the process of a compensation and pension (C&P) exam for hip pain. She highlights how hip pain can be service-connected either as..., If back pain prevents veterans from working, they may be eligible for VA disability benefits. But some veterans don’t realize that chronic back problems can lead to additional disabilities in the future. In this case, veterans can also apply for secondary disability benefits. The secondary disability claims process is similar to filing an ..., This is called secondary service connection. Secondary service-connected claims and requests for increase in rating are the most prevalent types of claims VA receives for compensation. In 2019, the department anticipates that 74% of all applications will come from veterans who are already receiving benefits., Original claim—file your first claim for disability compensation. We refer to the first claim you file for a disability as your original claim. You can file a claim up to 180 days before leaving the service: If you have 180-90 days left on active duty, you may be able to file a pre-discharge claim through the Benefits Delivery at Discharge ..., In particular, VA must inform the claimant: (1) of any information and evidence not of record that is necessary to substantiate his service-connection claim for a bilateral hip disorder on a presumptive basis or secondary to a service-connected disability(ies); (2) of the information and evidence that the claimant is expected to provide; and (3 ...